C. Wei et al., Adv. Opt. Photon. 9, 504-561 (2017).
Large core sizes are often used in hollow-core negative
curvature fibers to obtain a small leakage loss. However,
fibers with a large core diameter have higher-order core
modes. It is desirable for many applications to suppress the
higher-order modes, which decreases the coupling between the
fundamental and higher-order core modes due to small
perturbations like microbending. The challenge is to
suppress higher-order core modes while preserving low
leakage loss for the fundamental core mode. This simulation
describes higher-order mode suppression in negative
curvature fibers using resonant coupling between the
higher-order core modes and the tube modes, while coupling
of the fundamental mode to the tube modes remains inhibited.